There is no real difference between depositing a check made out to cash and a check made out to you personally, unless there is some suspicion that the check was stolen or obtained via fraud. Like any check, while the bank MIGHT give you immediate access to the funds on the premise of good faith, they have every legal right to revert that if the check is eventually not honored by the institution it was written on, for any of a number of reasons, the most innocuous and most common of which is that the writer does not have funds available to cover the check.
If you have a history of writing bad checks, or of depositing bad checks, then the bank might well not want your business any more; they might even report you to a central clearinghouse of undesirable bank customers.
You did not deposit MONEY, you deposited documentation of a promised financial transaction which did not come to pass.